3. History of Western Ethics - Moral standards with reference to Hedonism (Psychological, ethical and utilitarianism of Mill and Benthem) Kant's eithics and perfectionism; Determinism and freewill, Crime and Punishment individual and society moral order and progress.
4. History of Philosophy- Western : From Descartes to Kant; Indian orthodox and het -crodox schools with reference to their basic concepts and theories.